NASA Administrator Bill Nelson announced Tuesday that the United States is delaying the return of astronauts to the Moon’s surface from 2025 to 2026 due to technical challenges and delays.
Artemis, named after Apollo’s sister in Greek mythology, was officially revealed in 2017 as part of NASA’s intentions to establish a prolonged presence on Earth’s nearest space neighbor and apply lessons learned there to a future Mars expedition.
After multiple delays, the first mission, an uncrewed test flight to the Moon and back called Artemis 1, took place in 2022.
“Artemis 2, which will feature a crew that doesn’t land on the surface, has been postponed from later this year to September 2025”, Nelson informed.
Artemis 3, which will see the first woman and first person of color set foot on lunar soil at the Moon’s south pole, is scheduled for September 2026.
“Safety is our top priority, and to give Artemis teams more time to work through the challenges”, Nelson continued.
NASA is also planning to create a lunar space station dubbed Gateway where spacecraft will dock during future voyages.
SpaceX has secured the contract to build an Artemis 3 landing system based on a prototype Starship rocket that is still in development. Both of its orbital tests resulted in explosions.
Delays to Starship have ramifications because the spacesuit contractor must understand how the suits will interact with the spacecraft, and simulators must be created to help astronauts learn its systems.
The Artemis 1 mission also highlighted technical issues, such as the heat shield on the Orion crew capsule eroding unexpectedly, and the ground structure used to launch the giant SLS rocket sustaining more damage than anticipated.
As of March 2023, NASA has promised to pay about $40 billion to hundreds of contractors in support of Artemis.
A significant distinction between the 20th-century Apollo missions and the Artemis era is the growing importance of commercial partnerships, which are part of a larger effort to include private enterprises in space exploration to lower costs and make space more accessible.
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