India has shifted from a supportive partner to a structural force in Global South diplomacy. This shift was most evident at the G20 Summit held in South Africa. Analysts and delegates noted that India’s influence shaped the agenda, the outcomes, and the expanded presence of African nations.
A detailed report by South Africa’s leading media platform Independent Online (IOL) highlighted India’s clear imprint on the Johannesburg meetings.
The report stated that priorities such as debt reform and digital public infrastructure carried forward the momentum built during India’s G20 presidency in 2023.
These areas also underscored the increasing weight of the Global South in global governance. The African Union participated as a permanent member for the first time at a G20 hosted in Africa. Leaders credited India’s strong diplomatic push in 2023 for enabling this milestone.
This development strengthened Africa’s influence in negotiations on development, trade and industrialisation. South Africa’s decision to host the Summit under the theme of inclusive growth and global reform directly aligned with India’s agenda.
Officials emphasised shared priorities, including food security, climate resilience, fair financial systems, and digital transformation.
Digital infrastructure emerged as a major area of alignment. African policymakers showed strong interest in India’s digital identity systems and real-time payments platforms. They viewed these models as low-cost, inclusive technologies suited for large populations.
Several African delegations also explored collaboration with Indian institutions to expand digital public goods.
India’s establishment of an IIT campus in Zanzibar further boosted attention on cooperation in skills, education and technology, advancing Africa’s Agenda 2063 goals.
Debt sustainability remained a central concern for African economies. India and South Africa jointly pressed for transparent sovereign debt restructuring, fair credit assessments, and easier access to long-term financing.
Delegates said the united stance of both nations helped prioritise Global South concerns and drew attention to the challenges developing nations face in funding health, energy, education and infrastructure.
India’s call for reforms within the World Trade Organisation also received wide support from African nations.
The India-Brazil-South Africa (IBSA) dialogue on the sidelines of the Summit highlighted the emergence of coordinated South-South leadership.
As the Summit concluded, observers agreed that India now plays a structural role in shaping Global South diplomacy.
With India, Brazil and South Africa leading the G20 consecutively, many view this phase as a turning point where developing nations are not just participating but actively setting the direction of global decision-making.
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