The 20th Group of 20 (G20) Summit opened in Johannesburg on Saturday with world leaders adopting a declaration that underscores the need for more equitable and inclusive global governance.
Hosted under the theme ‘Solidarity, Equality and Sustainability’, the summit marks the first time the G20 has convened in Africa—a milestone for the continent and the wider Global South.
The summit’s opening signalled a symbolic shift in the global order, placing Africa at the centre of discussions on sustainable development and international cooperation.
As highlighted in the Leaders’ Declaration, the event reflects Africa’s growing voice in shaping global economic and political frameworks.
The declaration titled ‘G20 South Africa Summit: Leaders’ Declaration’ reaffirms the group’s commitment to strengthening multilateralism, with the United Nations remaining the central foundation of the international system.
Leaders stressed that peace is essential to sustainable economic development and emphasised cooperative, multilateral solutions to address rising global challenges such as economic inequality and instability.
Commitment to Strengthened Multilateralism
The declaration states: “We emphasise the importance of strengthening multilateral cooperation to address existing and emerging risks and challenges to the global economy.”
Leaders acknowledged that the world is increasingly facing complex crises that demand coordinated and inclusive responses.
The document highlights the need for improved global governance systems capable of supporting sustainable development while ensuring fair representation for developing nations.
Climate action formed a central pillar of the declaration, with G20 leaders recognising the urgent need to increase global investments to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement.
The statement calls for scaling up climate finance ‘from billions to trillions’ and aligning financial flows with climate objectives.
It emphasises enhanced finance, capacity-building and voluntary technology transfer to support developing countries, ensuring that climate transitions are both just and equitable.
The declaration reaffirms the G20’s commitment to the swift and effective implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, urging all nations to contribute to restoring and protecting ecosystems.
Gender equality also received significant focus. Marking the 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, the G20 reiterated its commitment to empowering women and girls.
Moreover, Leaders welcomed the Global Leaders’ Meeting on Women, held in Beijing in October, as part of ongoing efforts to accelerate progress.
South Africa assumed the rotating G20 presidency on 1 December 2024, becoming the first African nation to lead the grouping.
Furthermore, the United States will take over the presidency on 1 December 2025.
The Johannesburg Summit sets the tone for a renewed global commitment to fairness, sustainability and inclusive governance, reflecting shared priorities across continents.
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