Asthma symptoms can become more troublesome during winter, particularly at night, when people may experience increased wheezing, persistent coughing and breathlessness. Cold temperatures, indoor allergens and changes in the body’s natural biological rhythm can contribute to nighttime asthma flare-ups, making it difficult for patients to sleep comfortably.
Dr Manisha Mendiratta, Director and Head of Pulmonology at Sarvodaya Hospital, Sector 8, Faridabad, explains that exposure to cold air can irritate the airways and cause them to narrow.
“Exposure to cold air can irritate the airways, causing them to narrow and trigger bronchospasm, making breathing difficult,” she said.
People tend to spend more time indoors during winter, increasing their exposure to allergens such as dust mites, mould, pet dander and household dust. These allergens can aggravate airway inflammation and trigger asthma symptoms.
Why Asthma Symptoms Worsen at Night
The body’s natural biological rhythm can further intensify nighttime symptoms. Lung function generally declines during the early morning hours, while airway inflammation and sensitivity may increase at night.
According to Dr Mendiratta, lying down can encourage mucus accumulation and postnasal drip, resulting in coughing, chest tightness and wheezing. Poorly controlled asthma, respiratory infections, cigarette smoke and indoor pollutants can further aggravate the condition.
How to Prevent Nighttime Asthma Flare-Ups
People with asthma should avoid sudden exposure to cold air and cover their nose and mouth with a scarf when stepping outdoors. Keeping indoor spaces clean, dry and well-ventilated can reduce exposure to dust mites and mould.
Doctors recommend washing bedding regularly and avoiding cigarette smoke, incense and strong fragrances. Patients should monitor local air quality and limit outdoor activities when pollution levels rise.
They should continue prescribed controller medications, use inhalers correctly and keep their prescribed reliever inhalers accessible.
When Should You Seek Medical Help?
Frequent nighttime coughing, wheezing and breathlessness require medical attention, as they may indicate poorly controlled asthma.
Severe breathlessness, difficulty speaking, bluish lips or inadequate relief from prescribed rescue medication require immediate medical attention.
Regular consultations, consistent medication and avoiding individual triggers can help patients manage asthma and reduce winter flare-ups.
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