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Rising air pollution poses serious health risks, especially for children and people with existing medical conditions. Higher levels of PM2.5 and PM10 can irritate the respiratory tract, trigger inflammation and worsen conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and interstitial lung disease (ILD).
Taking preventive steps can help reduce exposure and protect respiratory health.
Precautions for people with chronic conditions
People with asthma, COPD and other long-term illnesses should stay in touch with their doctors. They should review their health status and medication before pollution levels rise further. Patients must never stop prescribed medicines without medical advice.
Those who use oxygen support or BiPAP at home should check their equipment regularly. They should monitor oxygen saturation with a pulse oximeter and report any significant drop to their doctor.
People with diabetes should check their blood sugar regularly. Those with heart conditions should schedule medical reviews and follow their treatment plans.
How to protect children
Children face greater risks because their lungs and immune systems are still developing. They breathe faster than adults and may inhale more pollutants relative to their body weight.
Pollution can cause coughing, wheezing and breathlessness. Long-term exposure may affect lung development, reduce lung function and worsen asthma.
Parents should watch for persistent coughing, unusual fatigue, wheezing and breathing difficulties. They should limit outdoor activities when pollution levels remain high and keep children away from traffic-heavy areas.
Families should maintain good indoor air quality and use air purifiers where possible. Children with asthma must follow their prescribed treatment plans.
People should avoid outdoor exercise during severe pollution and wear well-fitted N95 masks when they need to step outside. Seek medical advice if symptoms persist or worsen.
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