Health

Rapid Evolution And Global Spread Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Unveiled

Scientists, in a new study released on Friday, have demonstrated how Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an environmental bacterium that can cause severe multidrug-resistant infections, particularly in individuals with underlying lung conditions, has rapidly evolved and spread globally over the past 200 years.

Human behavior changes have contributed to this bacterium becoming epidemic, responsible for over 500,000 deaths annually worldwide, with more than 300,000 of those linked to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), according to a team from the University of Cambridge in the UK.

Immune Deficiencies

Individuals with conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF), and non-CF bronchiectasis are particularly vulnerable to P. aeruginosa. The bacterium exploits immune deficiencies to persist in cystic fibrosis patients.

Also Read: Pio Drink: CSIR-NBRI Launches New, ‘Safe’ Soft Drink

To investigate how P. aeruginosa evolved from an environmental organism into a specialized human pathogen, scientists examined DNA data from nearly 10,000 samples taken from infected individuals, animals, and environments worldwide.

Using this data, the team created phylogenetic trees, or ‘family trees,’ illustrating the relationships among the bacterial samples.

Their findings, published in the journal Science, revealed that almost 70% of infections are caused by just 21 genetic clones, or ‘branches’ of the family tree. These clones have rapidly evolved by acquiring new genes from neighboring bacteria and have spread globally over the last 200 years.

The spread of the bacteria occurred mainly as people began living in densely populated areas, where air pollution made lungs more susceptible to infection and where there were more opportunities for infections to spread.

The team also noted that P. aeruginosa spreads with alarming ease not only between cystic fibrosis patients but also between other patients.

The study on P. aeruginosa “has taught us new things about the biology of cystic fibrosis and revealed important ways we might be able to improve immunity against invading bacteria in this and potentially other conditions,” said Professor Andres Floto, Director of the UK Cystic Fibrosis Innovation Hub at the University of Cambridge.

Richa Kaushik

Recent Posts

JP Nadda Slams Rahul Gandhi’s ‘Match-Fixing’ Claims As ‘Desperation Of Losing’ Polls

Rahul Gandhi's opinion piece appeared in a national daily and sparked political uproar. Opposition parties…

2 hours ago

Poverty In India Reduced Via Tangible Boost In Household Living Standards, Incomes

In 2022–23, poverty under the revised $3.00 line stood at just 5.25 per cent in…

2 hours ago

Chhattisgarh: Seven Maoists Killed In Indravati National Park Operation

Five Maoists were killed in two separate encounters with security forces in Chhattisgarh’s Bijapur district,…

3 hours ago

Carney Invites Modi To G7 Summit, Highlights India’s Global Supply Chain Role

Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney said the most populous country, with the fifth-largest economy, must…

3 hours ago

RBI Frontloads Rate Cuts To Boost Growth Amid Low Inflation: Crisil

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has frontloaded its rate cuts to support economic growth,…

4 hours ago

PM Modi Urges Global Action On Coastal Resilience At Nice Summit

PM Narendra Modi on Saturday called for urgent global action to build infrastructure that can…

4 hours ago