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BRICS members are moving customs cooperation from policy language towards practical implementation, with new momentum around mutual administrative assistance, trusted-trader recognition and digital border tools. The latest New Delhi Declaration states that members have reached convergence on the BRICS Agreement on Cooperation and Mutual Administrative Assistance in Customs Matters and are advancing the BRICS AEO Action Plan 2026. For exporters, the likely short-term gain will not come from an automatic tariff cut. Instead, faster and more predictable clearance can reduce the overall cost of moving goods.
What Changed for Exporters?
The main change is that BRICS customs authorities are aligning more closely on how they exchange information, recognise compliant operators and manage cross-border risks. The declaration points to continued cooperation on Authorised Economic Operator (AEO) programmes, mutual recognition, capacity building and annual joint customs enforcement operations where members consider them useful.
In practical terms, exporters with strong compliance records may be better positioned to face fewer inspections, clearer documentation requirements and smoother treatment across participating routes as the BRICS customs agreements are implemented.
The Customs Package Focuses on Speed, Trust and Data
The latest customs push fits into a wider BRICS trade agenda that places trade facilitation, WTO reform and resistance to protectionist measures high on the bloc’s economic calendar. At the BRICS Trade Ministers’ Meeting in Brasília on May 21, 2025, Ministers instructed the Contact Group on Economic and Trade Issues to continue work on a trade facilitation framework, while expressing concern over unilateral tariff and non-tariff measures.
Key elements exporters should watch include:
- Mutual Administrative Assistance: Customs agencies can cooperate more closely on enforcement, verification and information sharing.
- AEO Cooperation: Trusted traders may benefit when countries recognise comparable compliance and supply-chain security standards.
- Smart Customs and Single Window Tools: Digital systems can reduce duplicated filings and make document checks more predictable.
- Targeted Enforcement: Shared risk priorities can help authorities focus inspections on higher-risk shipments rather than delaying compliant cargo.
China’s Xiamen Customs and South Africa’s Durban Customs branch signed a separate cooperation arrangement in June 2025 covering Smart and Secure Trade Lanes, joint enforcement, AEO cooperation, capacity building and Single Window initiatives. This provides a bilateral model for broader BRICS customs coordination.
Tariff Relief Remains a Separate Track
The BRICS customs agreements can reduce tariff-related friction, but they do not, by themselves, create a bloc-wide free trade area or remove duties at the border. Actual tariff reductions will still depend on national schedules, bilateral agreements, regional trade pacts and future BRICS trade agreements.
The immediate value for exporters is therefore operational: fewer avoidable delays, better advance information and lower demurrage, storage and compliance-related disruption when the systems work as intended.
The cost implications are significant. WTO analysis of trade facilitation notes that transit delays can account for up to 44% of transport costs, while the full implementation of trade facilitation reforms has been linked to the faster, cheaper and more predictable movement of goods. This is why customs cooperation can matter as much as headline tariff rates for exporters managing tight delivery windows.
What Happens Next?
Exporters should monitor which BRICS members sign, ratify and operationalise the customs agreement, and whether AEO mutual recognition becomes available on their routes. Companies should also review the quality of their documentation, product classification, origin records and supply-chain security controls.
If BRICS customs cooperation advances as planned, the best-prepared exporters will be the first to convert policy alignment into shorter border waits and more reliable landed-cost planning.
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