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Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the womb, most commonly on the ovaries, fallopian tubes and other organs within the pelvis.
The condition affects millions of women worldwide and can lead to chronic pain, menstrual problems and fertility issues if left untreated.
One of the most common symptoms is persistent pelvic pain, particularly during menstruation.
Women with endometriosis may also experience pain during intercourse, heavy or prolonged periods, pain while passing urine or stool, bloating, fatigue and difficulty conceiving.
Some women develop only mild symptoms, while others may have no noticeable signs.
Several factors can increase the risk of endometriosis, including a family history of the condition, early onset of menstruation, short menstrual cycles, heavy or prolonged periods, and never having been pregnant.
Although endometriosis cannot always be prevented, experts say certain lifestyle habits may help manage symptoms and support reproductive health.
Regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight and following an anti-inflammatory diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial.
Doctors also recommend limiting alcohol consumption and excessive caffeine intake.
Doctors diagnose endometriosis by reviewing a patient’s medical history, performing a pelvic examination and using imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI.
In some cases, laparoscopy helps confirm the diagnosis. Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and a woman’s symptoms.
Options include pain-relieving medicines, hormone therapy and, in more severe cases, surgery to remove the abnormal tissue.
Early diagnosis and timely treatment can help improve quality of life and preserve fertility.
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