Prime Minister Modi’s SCO Visit Strengthens India’s Global Diplomacy On Complex Geopolitics

Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Tianjin, China, for the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit held from August 31 to September 1 2025.

During the summit, he held one-on-one meetings with Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin, underscoring India’s commitment to a multipolar world and strategic autonomy.

India’s active participation at the summit signals its policy to cultivate bilateral friendships while maintaining independent decision-making, including diversifying trade relations and safeguarding national interests.

The meetings also sent a message to the United States regarding India’s resolve amid tariff pressures imposed by the Trump administration.

The summit coincided with a grand military parade in Beijing on September 3, marking the 80th anniversary of Japan’s World War II surrender.

The event featured a public display of unity among Xi Jinping, Vladimir Putin, and North Korean Leader Kim Jong Un, reflecting strengthened ties within the anti-US bloc.

While President Trump criticised the parade, Russia emphasised efforts to pursue peace in Ukraine and the importance of diplomatic balance. The visit highlighted India’s careful positioning between major powers while pursuing economic and strategic interests.

Strengthening India-China & India-Russia Relations

PM Modi’s meeting with Xi reinforced the importance of peace and stability along the border for continued bilateral cooperation. Both sides agreed to prevent border disputes from hindering economic and strategic progress, signalling a cautious but flexible approach toward China.

The summit also allowed India to coordinate with Russia, maintaining strong trilateral goodwill with the US despite tariff tensions and stalled trade negotiations.

Indian Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal indicated ongoing discussions with the US to finalise trade deals while safeguarding India’s economic security.

PM Modi’s SCO visit emphasises India’s dual-track diplomacy, balancing caution with opportunity.

By engaging multiple powers, India is reinforcing its global standing, protecting national interests, and exploring avenues for trade diversification.

Despite persistent challenges along borders and global tensions, India continues to leverage strategic autonomy to navigate an increasingly complex geopolitical landscape.

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