US Faces High Risks From Heavy Reliance On Chinese Pharmaceuticals: Report

The United States’ growing dependence on China for essential medicines poses significant risks, according to a report published by US political outlet The Hill. The report revealed that America imports the majority of its low-cost medicines, including everyday painkillers and critical antibiotics, from China.

Dependence on Chinese Imports

US trade data showed that China supplies 95% of ibuprofen, 91% of hydrocortisone, 70% of acetaminophen, and nearly 45% of penicillin consumed in America.

This heavy reliance, the report warned, makes the country vulnerable to supply disruptions triggered by geopolitical tensions, pandemics, or trade disputes.

The report flagged recurring quality control concerns linked to Chinese-made generic drugs. Research from the Brookings Institution in 2025 cited instances of ineffective anaesthetics, faulty blood pressure medications, and non-functional laxatives.

It further highlighted inadequate regulatory oversight in China and procurement systems that prioritise cost over quality.

FDA’s Limited Presence in China

The analysis criticised the minimal inspection capacity of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) at Chinese manufacturing facilities.

With limited FDA inspectors stationed in China, the US struggles to ensure product safety and quality standards in its imported pharmaceuticals.

To mitigate these risks, the report recommended incentivising domestic manufacturing of both finished drugs and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). It urged the US to build reserves of essential medicines and strengthen transparency in API sourcing.

The report also proposed greater collaboration with trusted partners such as Japan, South Korea, and Germany to create a diversified, resilient international supply chain. It cautioned against a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach and stressed the need for targeted assessments of essential medicines, particularly those without immediate substitutes.

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