AI And Digital Technologies: Growing Threat Of Political Control In The Digital Age

The growing political influence of artificial intelligence (AI) and modern technologies has raised concerns about surveillance, privacy and democratic freedoms.

While these innovations support development, their misuse could usher in a new era of digital repression. Maintaining a balance between technological advancement and political power is therefore essential.

Recent conflicts, including Operation Sindoor, have highlighted the growing role of technology in military operations. AI is also creating new challenges across political, social and financial sectors.

Several countries are using technology to strengthen surveillance and suppress dissent.

Where democratic institutions are weak, governments can exploit these tools under the pretext of national security, raising concerns about civil liberties.

Surveillance and censorship are no longer confined to authoritarian regimes. Democratically elected governments have also adopted measures that raise privacy concerns.

Internet shutdowns, misinformation and digital monitoring can restrict public participation.

Surveillance practices have attracted attention in countries including North Korea, Myanmar, China, the United States, Argentina and Italy.

AI offers governments greater scale, speed and efficiency in analysing information.

Security agencies can combine personal messages, social media activity, financial records, location data, drone footage and biometric information.

Falling technology costs are also making surveillance tools accessible to smaller governments.

Digital platforms are also empowering citizens and activists. Independent digital media can expose corruption, while social media helps organise protests and strengthen public accountability.

In Nepal and Bangladesh, Gen Z protesters used smartphones and social media to mobilise demonstrations that contributed to political resignations.

In India, students also used digital platforms to organise around the NEET examination controversy.

AI is a double-edged sword, offering both unprecedented surveillance capabilities and tools for civic resistance.

International cooperation, responsible development and effective safeguards are essential to protecting democratic freedoms.

Recent concerns raised by a departing Anthropic engineer have further highlighted the need for stronger oversight and human accountability in AI development.

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