Explosive Diarrhoea Parasite: What Is Cyclospora And Why Is It Spreading?

Health authorities in the United States are investigating a growing outbreak of Cyclospora infections after cases of cyclosporiasis increased across multiple states.

The parasitic illness, widely known as the ‘explosive diarrhoea parasite’ because of its hallmark symptom, has triggered concern as investigators continue searching for the source of contamination.

Between May 1 and June 16, the US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recorded 145 confirmed cases and 20 hospitalisations across 17 states.

A separate surge in Michigan pushed the state’s total to around 300 cases by early July, well above its usual annual average.

Officials have not linked the outbreak to a single food item or exposure, and investigations by the CDC and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) remain ongoing.

Medical experts said Cyclospora cayetanensis causes an intestinal infection that usually develops about a week after consuming contaminated food or water.

Patients commonly experience watery or explosive diarrhoea, stomach cramps, bloating, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and loss of appetite.

Some infected people may show no symptoms, while untreated illness can persist for weeks and increase the risk of dehydration.

Doctors advise seeking immediate medical attention for prolonged diarrhoea, dehydration, severe abdominal pain, fever or blood in the stool, particularly among immunocompromised individuals.

Experts explained that the parasite spreads through food or water contaminated with human faeces rather than direct person-to-person contact.

Fresh fruits, leafy vegetables, herbs and salad ingredients remain common sources because they are often eaten raw.

Washing produce under running water helps reduce contamination but cannot eliminate the parasite.

Health specialists recommend thorough handwashing, safe drinking water, proper food handling and preventing cross-contamination to minimise infection risk.

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